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Diffusion et utilisation des TIC en France et en Europe en 2009

Issue de l’enquête européenne « TIC – Technologies de l’information et de la communication », l’exploitation des données pour la France permet de comparer l’équipement informatique et les usages numériques des Français par rapport à leurs voisins européens. Si l’utilisation quotidienne d’un ordinateur et l’accès à l’internet concernent désormais plus d’un Français sur deux, l’âge et le sexe restent des critères discriminants pour l’usage des nouvelles technologies : les hommes y ont plus recours que les femmes, les jeunes plus que leurs aînés. La communication (messagerie) et les loisirs culturels font partie des activités préférées des usagers de l’internet, tandis que le commerce en ligne et les services, notamment bancaires, se développent depuis 2006. Le déploiement des pratiques nomades est encore émergent. Au plan européen, l’écart est net entre les pays du Nord, fortement équipés et familiers des usages numériques, et les pays du Sud, où l’équipement numérique est plus récent. Data from the European “ICT : Information and Communications Technologies” survey provides an opportunity to compare France’s computer equipment ownership and digital activity levels with those of its European neighbours. Although over 50 % of French people make daily use of computers and access the internet, age and sex remain differentiating factors in new technology usage, with men making more use of it than women, and younger people more than older people. Communications (messaging) and cultural leisure activities are amongst internet users’favourite activities, whilst online trading and services, particularly online banking, have been on the increase since 2006. The spread of nomadic practices is still gaining momentum. At European level, there is a marked disparity between northern European countries, with their high levels of computing competence and ownership, and southern Europe where the adoption of computer equipment is more recent.

Online OpenEdition

The Envisionment and Discovery Collaboratory (EDC) : explorations in human-centered informatics with tabletop computing environments

The Envisionment and Discovery Collaboratory (EDC) is a long-term research platform exploring immersive socio-technical environments in which stakeholders can collaboratively frame and solve problems and discuss and make decisions in a variety of application domains and different disciplines. The knowledge to understand, frame, and solve these problems does not already exist, but is constructed and evolves in ongoing interactions and collaborations among stakeholders coming from different disciplines providing a unique and challenging environment to study, foster, and support human-centered informatics, design, creativity, and learning. At the social level, the EDC is focused on the collaborative construction of artifacts rather than the sharing of individually constructed items. It brings individuals together in face-to-face meetings, encouraging and supporting them to engage, individually and collectively, in action and reflection. At the technological level, the EDC integrates tabletop computing environments, tangible objects, sketching support, geographic information systems, visualization software, and an envisioned virtual implementation. This book is based on 20 years of research and development activities that brought together interdisciplinary teams of researchers, educators, designers, and practitioners from different backgrounds. The EDC originated with the merging of two research paradigms from disparate disciplines to build on the strengths, approaches, and perspectives of each. This book describes the artifacts and scenarios that were developed, with the goal of providing inspiration for human-centered informatics not focused on technologies in search of a purpose but on the development of systems supporting stakeholders to explore personally meaningful problems. These developments have inspired numerous research and teaching activities. The challenges, prototypical systems, and lessons learned represent important milestones in the development and evolution of the EDC that are relevant for future research activities and practices in human-centered informatics.The Envisionment and Discovery Collaboratory (EDC) is a long-term research platform exploring immersive socio-technical environments in which stakeholders can collaboratively frame and solve problems and discuss and make decisions in a variety of application domains and different disciplines. The knowledge to understand, frame, and solve these problems does not already exist, but is constructed and evolves in ongoing interactions and collaborations among stakeholders coming from different disciplines providing a unique and challenging environment to study, foster, and support human-centered informatics, design, creativity, and learning. At the social level, the EDC is focused on the collaborative construction of artifacts rather than the sharing of individually constructed items. It brings individuals together in face-to-face meetings, encouraging and supporting them to engage, individually and collectively, in action and reflection. At the technological level, the EDC integrates tabletop computing environments, tangible objects, sketching support, geographic information systems, visualization software, and an envisioned virtual implementation. This book is based on 20 years of research and development activities that brought together interdisciplinary teams of researchers, educators, designers, and practitioners from different backgrounds. The EDC originated with the merging of two research paradigms from disparate disciplines to build on the strengths, approaches, and perspectives of each. This book describes the artifacts and scenarios that were developed, with the goal of providing inspiration for human-centered informatics not focused on technologies in search of a purpose but on the development of systems supporting stakeholders to explore personally meaningful problems. These developments have inspired numerous research and teaching activities. The challenges, prototypical systems, and lessons learned represent important milestones in the development and evolution of the EDC that are relevant for future research activities and practices in human-centered informatics.

Online SpringerLink

Silicon Valley North : a high-tech cluster of innovation and entrepreneurship

The Silicon phenomenon was, is, and will be an extremely important phenomenon in the accelerated technological, scientific, and economic development of countries and regions. Silicon Valley North (SVN) is the high tech capital of Canada, the nations most developed and dynamic technology sector, which includes multiple clusters in telecommunications, software, photonics, and life sciences. It gave birth to many well-known companies such as Corel, JDS Uniphase, Mitel, Newbridge Networks, Nortel Networks, Digital Equipment of Canada, just to mention a few. A lot of literature describes Silicon Valley and Silicon Alley in the US, Silicon Islands in Asia, and so on. Despite the quite evident importance of Silicon Valley North for the regional, national, and international technological development (especially when Nortel Networks and JDS Uniphase became global leaders in their fields and expanded in explosive fashion), this phenomenon is far from being well understood.Because of this, a book on the Canadian Silicon Valley is an exceptionally timely endeavor. "Silicon Valley North: A High-Tech Cluster of Innovation and Entrepreneurship" is devoted to the multidimensional and multifaceted nature of SVN, its history, current state and future developments. The book offers a broad and deeply thematic analysis of one particular innovative clusterSilicon Valley North. The reader will obtain expert insight into what SVN is all about by acquiring a comprehensive and "panoramic picture" of SVN within a single book. The reader will develop an accurate sense of what spurs high tech start-up companies in SVN toward their exceptional performances, and how to apply these insights to his or her unique regional context.