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  1. Prier, combattre et voir le monde : discours et récits de nobles voyageurs à la fin du Moyen Âge

    Svátek, Jaroslav
    Rennes : Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2021

    "Marco Polo, Christophe Colomb et quelques autres explorateurs de légende ont complètement occulté nombre d'aventuriers de la fin du Moyen Âge, aujourd'hui inconnus du grand public. Ce livre exhume la mémoire de quatre d'entre eux, dont les voyages se sont déroulés entre les années 1390 et 1450. Les deux premiers, Ogier d'Anglure et Nompar de Caumont, ont fait le pèlerinage traditionnel à Jérusalem. Quelques années plus tard, l'infatigable Guillebert de Lannoy passera sa vie sur les routes, tandis que Bertrandon de la Broquière accomplira une mission d'espionnage, dont le récit novateur dépasse les clichés de la culture médiévale. Pourquoi réunir ces quatre aventuriers dans un même livre ? Ensemble, ils embrassent les différentes formes du voyage nobiliaire : les campagnes militaires, les expéditions quasi-ritualisées que sont le pèlerinage ou l'ambassade, les explorations motivées par la volonté de voir le monde. Surtout, ces nobles commencent à écrire eux-mêmes le récit de leurs voyages et posent les jalons d'un genre littéraire émergent. L'analyse de leurs oeuvres se trouve donc au coeur de l'ouvrage. Ce livre a vocation à étudier par quels moyens spécifiques voyage la noblesse et quel est son "vécu ". Il répond également à la question du rôle que pouvait jouer cette pratique dans la vie de l'aristocratie tardomédiévale dans l'espace français, mais aussi plus largement européen puisque la culture nobiliaire ne connaît de frontières ni géographiques ni linguistiques."--Page 4 of cover.

  2. Those of my blood : constructing noble families in medieval Francia

    Bouchard, Constance Brittain
    Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press, c2001.

    For those who ruled medieval society, the family was the crucial social unit, made up of those from whom property and authority were inherited and those to whom it passed. One's kin could be one's closest political and military allies or one's fiercest enemies. While the general term used to describe family members was consanguinei mei, "those of my blood, " not all of those relations-parents, siblings, children, distant cousins, maternal relatives, paternal ancestors, and so on-counted as true family in any given time, place, or circumstance. In the early and high Middle Ages, the "family" was a very different group than it is in modern society, and the ways in which medieval men and women conceptualized and structured the family unit changed markedly over time. Focusing on the Frankish realm between the eighth and twelfth centuries, Constance Brittain Bouchard outlines the operative definitions of "family" in this period when there existed various and flexible ways by which individuals were or were not incorporated into the family group. Even in medieval patriarchal society, women of the aristocracy, who were considered outsiders by their husbands and their husbands' siblings and elders, were never completely marginalized and paradoxically represented the very essence of "family" to their male children. Bouchard also engages in the ongoing scholarly debate about the nobility around the year 1000, arguing that there was no clear point of transition from amorphous family units to agnatically structured kindred. Instead, she points out that great noble families always privileged the male line of descent, even if most did not establish father-son inheritance until the eleventh or twelfth century. Those of My Blood clarifies the complex meanings of medieval family structure and family consciousness and shows the many ways in which negotiations of power within the noble family can help explain early medieval politics.

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